Questions like this help poke holes in the afterlife. Almost all theists believe in a soul, but good luck getting any of em to agree on the details concerning animals. Man... Imagine how many freakin ants must be in heaven.

**If souls are somehow a property of/related in some way to consciousness/awareness, then it makes sense to imagine all animals that have some kind of consciousness/awareness would have one.** - If humans have a soul, then I would pretty easily accept that other animals do, too. To me, when it comes to consciousness/awareness, the form of its expression does not matter. A potential soul-like property would be possible wherever a feeling of awareness takes place. - If there is something it is like _to be_ an animal, the soul argument for even nonhuman animals gets more intuitive. See Thomas Nagel's famous essay, ["What Is It Like to Be a Bat?"](https://warwick.ac.uk/fac/cross_fac/iatl/study/ugmodules/humananimalstudies/lectures/32/nagel_bat.pdf), for further discussion of nonhuman animals and consciousness. - [Indigenous culture](https://cpb-ca-c1.wpmucdn.com/myriverside.sd43.bc.ca/dist/8/3889/files/2020/01/Passion-Project.pdf) has classically [regarded animals as sacred](https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/10.1089/eco.2019.0003) and possessed of such qualities as [spirit](https://www.ictinc.ca/blog/what-is-the-relationship-between-indigenous-peoples-and-animals) and an interconnectedness with all of life. Presumably, to think other animals don't have souls wouldn't make too much sense in [Indigenous contexts](https://www.se.edu/native-american/wp-content/uploads/sites/49/2019/09/NAS-2011-Proceedings-Danchevskaya.pdf).