Questions like this help poke holes in the afterlife. Almost all theists believe in a soul, but good luck getting any of em to agree on the details concerning animals.

Man... Imagine how many freakin ants must be in heaven.

If souls are somehow a property of/related in some way to consciousness/awareness, then it makes sense to imagine all animals that have some kind of consciousness/awareness would have one.

• If humans have a soul, then I would pretty easily accept that other animals do, too. To me, when it comes to consciousness/awareness, the form of its expression does not matter. A potential soul-like property would be possible wherever a feeling of awareness takes place.

• If there is something it is like to be an animal, the soul argument for even nonhuman animals gets more intuitive. See Thomas Nagel's famous essay, "What Is It Like to Be a Bat?", for further discussion of nonhuman animals and consciousness.

• Indigenous culture has classically regarded animals as sacred and possessed of such qualities as spirit and an interconnectedness with all of life. Presumably, to think other animals don't have souls wouldn't make too much sense in Indigenous contexts.