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ywang5y ago
The U.S. infrastructure system currently enjoys a grade of D+ by the American Association of Civil Engineers. The country’s public transportation system requires urgent repairs and more funding. The issue disproportionately affects certain vulnerable groups and hinders their economic mobility. As a whole, the U.S public transportation system perpetuates inequality.
The current public transit system reduces job accessibilities. The lack of adequate public transit reduces people’s mobilities. As a result, people relying on public transit for work have to find jobs in their immediate vicinity. This phenomenon causes a spatial mismatch between employers and employees. Neither job seekers nor potential employers can access each other if they do not live close. Therefore, some locations have an excess of unemployed people, while others with unfilled vacancies. [1] The issue becomes particularly acute among low-income groups. Research into four cities in the U.S. identified significant spatial mismatches in low-income neighborhoods. Compared with high-come areas, residents in these neighborhoods have less access to job opportunities as well as other public facilities. [2] Thus, the current public transit system hinders employment opportunities for many.
Inadequate public transit disproportionately affects people of color. People of color, particularly African Americans rely more on public transit than white Americans, since they are more likely to lack a private vehicle. However, White Americans continue to make up a larger share of workers commuting with public transit. [3] People of color are more likely to live in concentrated and underserved areas due to the legacy of racial segregation. Thus, they often lack access to well developed public transit in the localities. [2] They often have to face long commutes. The time wasted on these commutes could have gone to education, family, and other activities. In this sense, the lack of public transit serves as a significant roadblock for racial equality.
The current public transit system hurts people with disabilities. People with disabilities depend on public transit more than fully abled ones. Unfortunately, they are more than twice as likely to face difficulties using public transit. Right now, a total of 560,000 people with disabilities in the U.S. never leave their homes due to the lack of adequate transportation. In rural areas, the lack of adequate funding often leads to virtually no means of moving around for people with disabilities. In urban hubs, the progress to accommodate people with disabilities on public transit has yielded uneven results due to the lack of common standards. [4] This issue has made it more difficult for people with disabilities to obtain employment and social inclusion. [5] Thus, the current public transit system represents a disservice for people with disabilities.
For these reasons, the U.S. public transportation system perpetuates inequality.
[1]. Andersson, Fredrik, John C. Haltiwanger, Mark J. Kutzbach, Henry O. Pollakowski, and Daniel H. Weinberg. 2018. "Job Displacement And The Duration Of Joblessness: The Role Of Spatial Mismatch". The Review Of Economics And Statistics 100 (2): 203-218. doi:10.1162/rest_a_00707.
[2]. Stacy, Christina, Yipeng Su, Eleanor Noble, Alena Stern, Kristin Blagg, Macy Rainer, and Richard Ezike. 2020. "Access To Opportunity Through Equitable Transportation". The Urban Institute. https://www.urban.org/sites/default/files/publication/102992/access-to-opportunity-through-equitable-transportation_0.pdf.
[3]. Austin, Algernon. 2017. "To Move Is To Thrive: Public Transit And Economic Opportunity For People Of Color". Demos. https://www.demos.org/sites/default/files/publications/Public%20Transit.pdf.
[4]. American Association of People with Disabilities. 2021. "Equity In Transportation For People With Disabilities". PolicyLink. Accessed January 22. http://www.civilrightsdocs.info/pdf/transportation/final-transportation-equity-disability.pdf.
[5]. Bezyak, Jill L., Scott A. Sabella, and Robert H. Gattis. 2017. "Public Transportation: An Investigation Of Barriers For People With Disabilities". Journal Of Disability Policy Studies 28 (1): 52-60. doi:10.1177/1044207317702070.
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