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4 comments
For
stealthbeast5y ago
Men and women usually have wildly differing quantities of hormones going through them. If you manipulate these(e.g. estrogen, testosterone), you can impact the temperament of a person's personality.
This asymmetry may be counter-intuitive to us trying to create equality in society, but the truth doesn't stop being the truth just because it's sort of offensive to point out.
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Commentary
Tafkap75y ago
I mean it’s objectively true. There are many differences between man and woman. Scientifically, psychologically, physically, mentally. But this gives no excuse to label one as better than the other. To allow one to have more power than the other. To allow any social difference purely based on this fact. Of course there are exceptions such as in sport. But our bodily functions should give no reason to hate or discriminate.
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Mixed
Julianne5y ago
**The "male" brain and the "female" brain can, indeed, be said to have different characteristics, but virtually no one has a purely "male" or purely "female" brain.**
- The differences between what could be considered the "male" and "female" brains on the basis of large-scale similarities across sampled populations are vanishing as studies have gotten bigger. A recent, comprehensive [meta-survey](https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0149763421000804?via%3Dihub) of many different brain studies across 30 years demonstrates that "few male/female differences survive correction for brain size." (Size difference "accounts for other reproducible findings {such as] higher white/gray matter ratio, intra- versus interhemispheric connectivity, and regional cortical and subcortical volumes in males" in comparison to females, but the overall difference in size doesn't affect functioning when corrected for.) In addition, when present at all, sex accounts for about 1% of "variance in structure or laterality," with no discernible effects on cognitive processing or performance.
- Even though the male brain size is about 11% bigger than the female brain, this is proportional to body size, and no particular brain areas are ever larger in men. More strikingly, characteristics usually called upon to explain different wirings between the two genders--such as the ratio of white matter to gray matter and the ratio of the connections between instead of within the two hemispheres of the brain--"are [larger](https://theconversation.com/you-dont-have-a-male-or-female-brain-the-more-brains-scientists-study-the-weaker-the-evidence-for-sex-differences-158005) in people with smaller brains, whether male or female".
- Additionally: Another [recent study](https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/1357650X.2018.1497044) has completely done away with the notion that "the tiny difference in connectivity between left and right hemispheres actually explains any behavioral difference between men and women."
- At the end of the day, each brain is a [mosaic](https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0149763420306540?via%3Dihub) of different circuits, each controlling "the many dimensions of masculinity and femininity, such as emotional expressiveness, interpersonal style, verbal and analytic reasoning, sexuality and gender identity itself."
- In regards to hormones: When viewed through a large enough lens, the differences between wiring when it comes to the brain's use of hormones can, of course, vary largely. But zoom in closer and we tend to see that total differences are too complex to delineate in a distinctly bilateral way. We are each a mix of different characteristics (including the hormones that our brains "run like software" on their "hardware" )--all coming out and influencing us alike in different ways at different times.
All direct quotes are from these sources: https://theconversation.com/you-dont-have-a-male-or-female-brain-the-more-brains-scientists-study-the-weaker-the-evidence-for-sex-differences-158005 and https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0149763421000804?via%3Dihub=
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Against
katie1265y ago
**Science has constantly searched for differences to prove that men and women are wired differently, but this search is rooted in the patriarchal desire to fit men and women into superior and inferior social roles.**
For years scientists have researched men’s and women’s brains in the hope to reveal gender differences. Neuroscientist Gina Rippon’s book[ _The Gendered Brain: The New Neuroscience That Shatters the Myth of the Female Brain_](https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-019-00677-x) demonstrates how the history of sex-difference research is underlined with misrepresentation and social bias. Rippon admitted that when first analysing data she also sought out these differences, yet couldn’t find any beyond the negligible.
In this sense, this scientific argument that there are “male” and “female” brains has so far gone unchallenged. However, these nice ideas that fitted the status quo have failed to materialise. Ultimately, as Rippon states, “a gendered world will produce a gendered brain”.
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